The memory effect on fractional calculus: an application in the spread of COVID-19

Fractional calculus has been widely used in mathematical modeling of evolutionary systems with memory effect on dynamics. The main interest this work is to attest, through a statistical approach, how the hysteresis phenomenon, which describes type present biological systems, can be treated by fractional calculus. We also analyse contribution historical values function evaluation operators according their order. To illustrate efficiency non-integer order calculus, we consider SIR (susceptible–infected–recovered) compartmental model epidemiology. employ study dynamics spread COVID-19 some countries, one version and without memory.